Chancery Italic

Muri iki cigwa turaraba umwandiko w'ukuboko wakoreshejwe gushika mu myaka ya 1700, igihe wasubiriwe n'umwandiko w'indome zifatanye. Witwa Chancery, canke Chancery Italic. Ndawandika hano mu buryo bworoshe cane, kuko iki cigwa ari ic'abanyeshure biga kwandika.

Ikituma nkunda uyu mwandiko ni uko wuzuyemwo amashusho akomeye cane, agororotse. Fata nk'indome a: duca dutambitse, tukamanuka, tugakora inguni, tukaduga, hama tukamanuka maze tukongera tukaduga. Ivyo biroroshe cane ku munyeshure kuruta kuyobora ishusho ya c, kandi mu vy'ukuri ivyo biragoye cane.

Ni co gituma muri Chancery indome zifise imirongo igoramye mikeya cane. Uramaze kumenya urutonde rw'indome zimanitse ku murongo rwo mu Cigwa ca 2. Chancery Italic ishingiye ku ciyumviro kimwe n'urwo rutonde, ariko yandikwa ku buryo buteye neza gatoyi, kandi inkoni zayo zirangizwa n'uturongo duto tugoramye. Hejuru y'indome nto zawe hagume ku burebure bumwe, zimanitse ku murongo, nk'uko wabigize mu Cigwa ca 2.

Raba iki cigwa kuri videwo (mu Congereza): Chancery Italic yoroshejwe

Indome a

Indome a, muri Chancery Italic yoroshe. No muri iyi ndome, indome zacu tuzimanika ku murongo.

1. Hejuru duca umurongo utambitse, nk'uko twabigize mu vyigwa vya mbere, hama tukamanuka. Igitandukanye ni uko hasi cane dukora akarongo gato cane kagoramye.
2. Hama haza ishusho, ishusho ya kabiri, ishusho ihuza, igoramye gatoyi, nk'akamenyetso ), maze tukaduga n'akarongo gato kagoramye.

Indome b

Aha turafise indome b. Hari utuntu dutoyi dutandukanye n'ingene twayanditse ubwa mbere tuyiga.

1. Igihe tumanuka n'inkoni imanuka, tuyigonda gatoyi hejuru. Uwo murongo ugoramye ushobora kuba mutoyi, canke ukawugira munini cane nimba ubishaka. Hama ikamanuka igororotse.
2. Hama, ntituca umurongo utambitse nk'uko twabigize ubwa mbere, ahubwo munsi gatoyi y'umugozi wo kwanikako impuzu, turaduga duhengamye, hama tukamanuka nk'aho twandika indome j, tukayigarura tugakora hasi ku nkoni imanuka.

Uko ni ko tubona indome b.

Indome c

Indome c aha imeze hafi nk'indome c twize ubwa mbere.

1. Dutangurira ku murongo duhereye iburyo, duca umurongo utambitse, hama tukamanuka, maze hasi tukaduga n'akarongo gato kagoramye.

Uko ni ko tubona indome c.

Indome d

Indome d aha isa cane n'indome d twanditse ubwa mbere.

1. Igitandukanye ni uko hejuru hari umurongo ugoramye. Hama tukamanuka, tumaze gushika hasi, tukagonda gato cane imbere.
2. Hama ku murongo, tuva ku murongo muremure tuja ibubamfu, hama tukamanuka tugakora indome j ihindukiye, maze tukaduga n'akarongo gato kagoramye gashika gakora ku murongo muremure.

Indome e

Indome e muri uyu mwandiko ni imwe n'indome e yo mu mwandiko twabanje.

1. Duca umurongo utambitse, hama tukamanuka, maze tukagonda, hama tukagonda gato imbere.
2. Hama duhereye hagati, turaduga duhengamye gushika dukora ku mpera y'umurongo utambitse uri ku mugozi wo kwanikako impuzu.

Uko ni ko tubona indome e.

Indome f

Aha turafise indome f. Dutangurira hejuru cane y'umurongo, maze tukamanuka hasi cane munsi y'umurongo. Ni ukuvuga ko dusubiye kuri roketi n'ubwato bugenda munsi y'amazi. Kandi iragoramye. Ni co gituma imeze nk'indome s ndende cane igoramye.

1. Umurongo ugoramye mutoyi hejuru, hama tukamanuka twibira hasi cane, maze hasi tukagonda ku buryo buteye neza.
2. Hama tugaca akarongo gatambitse kuri yo ku murongo.

Indome g

Aha turafise indome g. Iboneka nk'aho igoye gatoyi, ariko si ko biri.

1. Rero dutangurira ku murongo, duca umurongo utambitse, hama tukamanuka nk'aho twandika indome j. Ni ukuvuga ko imanuka kure cane, ubwato bugenda munsi y'amazi, hama tukabandanya tugonda twinjira, tukagonda gushika tugarutse inyuma, tugakora ku murongo aho impera yo hasi y'indome a izoba iri.
2. Hama tugaterura ikaramu yacu, tukaja ku mpera, tukamanuka maze tukagonda gato tugana imbere, nk'uko tubigira iyo twandika indome a.

Indome h

Aha turafise indome h. Itandukanye gatoyi n'indome h twanditse ubwa mbere, ariko imeze nka b tumaze kwandika.

1. Rero dutangura n'umurongo wacu ugoramye hejuru, hama tukawugonda tukamanuka tugororotse. Ibuka ko iyi ndome itangurira hejuru cane y'umurongo, nibura uburebure bw'indome imwe hejuru y'umurongo, kumbure kurenga. Umurongo ugoramye ugana imbere ushobora kuba mutoyi canke munini. Ushobora kuraba akarorero ka kera.
2. Hama munsi gatoyi y'umurongo, dutangura inkoni yacu ya kabiri, duduga duhengamye, hama tugakora agashusho gatoyi kameze nka j, kamanuka kandi ntigakora ku murongo uhagaze. Kameze nk'akamenyetso ) gatoyi, ariko ntigakora.

Indome i

Indome i muri uru rutonde rw'indome irimbishijwe gatoyi kuruta indome i twanditse mu buryo bworoshe bwa mbere.

1. Hari akarongo gato cane kagoramye kaduga gushika ku murongo, hama tukamanuka, maze hasi hakaba akarongo gato kagoramye kagana imbere. Ariko umurongo w'indome i utegerezwa kuba ugororotse.
2. Hama tukayishirako akadomo, canke akarongo gato kagufi hejuru, nk'uko twabigize ubushize.

Indome j

Aha turafise indome j, ari yo ndome i ndende.

1. Kandi nk'indome i tumaze kwandika, itangura n'akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga gushika ku murongo. Hama tukamanuka tugororotse, tukabandanya tumanuka nk'ubwato bugenda munsi y'amazi. Maze hasi, tukayigonda neza.
2. Kandi hejuru, tukayishirako akadomo canke akarongo gato kagufi.

Indome k

Aha turafise indome k.

1. Na none, ifise umurongo ugoramye hejuru, agashusho gatoyi keza, hama ikamanuka igahagarara.
2. Hama tugaterura ikaramu yacu, tukaja aho inkoni ihagaze ica ku murongo. Duca dutambitse, hama tukamanuka tugakora ku murongo uhagaze. Maze tugakora umurongo mutoyi ugoramye uba igice co hasi ca k.

Indome l

Mu vy'ukuri indome l isa n'inkoni ya mbere twakoze kuri k.

1. Rero dufise umurongo ugoramye, tukamanuka tugororotse, maze hasi tukagonda gato imbere.

Indome m

Aha turafise indome m.

1. Rero dutangura nk'aho twandika indome i, akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga gushika ku murongo, hama tukamanuka tugororotse.
2. Hama munsi gatoyi y'umurongo, turaduga duhengamye, hama tukamanuka tugonda gatoyi, inkoni isubira inyuma,
3. hama tukabisubiramwo ubwa kabiri, duterura ikaramu yacu, tukaduga gushika ku murongo, maze tukagonda gatoyi, inkoni isubira inyuma.

Iyo rero ni yo ndome m.

Indome n

Indome n tuyandika

1. tuduga n'akarongo gato kagoramye gushika ku murongo, tukamanuka tugororotse,
2. hama munsi gatoyi y'umurongo, turaduga duhengamye, maze tugakora umurongo wacu ugoramye tumanuka, canke ishusho yacu imeze nka ) tumanuka, umurongo ugoramye mutoyi.

Iyo rero ni yo ndome n.

Indome o

Aha dufise indome o. Iki cigwa ni kimwe n'ico twabonye mu vyigwa vyabanje.

1. Rero urashobora kuyikora mu kwandika utumenyetso tubiri ( ) dukoranako,
2. utumenyetso tubiri ( ) twegeranye gushika dukoranako.

Kandi indome o ntimeze nk'uruziga, ahubwo ni ndende gatoyi kandi ifunganye. Canke urashobora kuyishushanya n'ukuboko, isa gatoyi n'igi. Kandi irashobora guhengama gatoyi ku ruhande, nk'uko nayanditse aha, canke urashobora kuyandika ihagaze. Ni wewe uhitamo.

Indome p

Indome p aha itangurira hejuru gatoyi y'umurongo, igonda igana imbere. Rero iyo tuyandika, tugonda dusubira inyuma, kuko dutangurira hejuru.

1. Hama tumanuka tugororotse. Kandi hasi, tugonda twerekeza hirya.
2. Hama, hasi gatoyi y'umurongo, ku nkoni yacu ya kabiri, tuduga duhengamye, maze tugakora ishusho nto ya j ihindukiye inyuma, gushika ikora ku murongo uhagaze.

Iyo ni yo ndome p yacu.

Indome q

Indome q aha imeze nk'indome q yo mu cigwa cacu ca mbere, kiretse ko hasi, ya nkoni nto yihuta yerekeza hirya irimbishijwe gatoyi kuruta, canke igoramye gatoyi kuruta. Ariko ahandi hose imeze kimwe.

1. Rero tugenda dutambitse, hama tukamanuka, hama hasi tukagonda gatoyi twerekeza hirya,
2. hama tugakora inkoni yacu ya kabiri, tugakora iyi shusho nto cane ya j imbere muri yo, nk'uko tubigira iyo twandika indome a.

Iyo ni yo ndome q yacu.

Indome r

Indome r ikorwa bivuye ku ndome i, ya ndome i twize muri iki cigwa.

1. Rero dukora akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga gushika ku murongo, tukamanuka tugororotse, hama hasi tugakora akarongo gato kagoramye twerekeza hirya.
2. Hama dukora umurongo ugoramye uduga. Ukora ku mugozi wo kwanikako impuzu, hama ukamanuka gatoyi.

Iyo ni yo ndome r.

Indome s

Ng'iyi indome s. Imeze nk'indome s yo mu cigwa ca mbere. Rero ni ishusho nziza igoramye.

1. Isonga ryayo ryo hejuru cane rikora ku murongo, maze tukayigonda tuyizungurutsa.

Indome t

Aha dufise indome t nto, kandi nk'uko bisanzwe, ndakwihanangiriza: iyi ndome ni ndende kuruta uko ubiyumvira.

1. Rero dutangurira kure gatoyi hejuru y'umurongo, ariko si kure nk'aho l itangurira, birumvikana. Tumanuka tugororotse, hama hasi tugakora akarongo gato kagoramye twerekeza hirya,
2. hama tugaca akarongo gatambitse kuri t, ku murongo nyene.

Indome u

Indome u aha ikorwa mu buryo busa n'ubwo mu cigwa ca mbere.

1. Rero tubanza gutangura n'inkoni yo ku ruhande rw'iburyo. Turamanuka, hama tugakora inkoni nto yihuta twerekeza imbere.
2. Hama tugasubira inyuma tugakora inkoni ya kabiri. Ifise akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga gushika ku murongo, ikamanuka igororotse, hama tukayizinga iduga, tugakora akarongo gato kagoramye gushika ikora ku murongo wa mbere twanditse.

Ivyo biduha indome u yacu.

Indome v

Indome v yacu aha imeze hafi nka v yo mu cigwa ca mbere, ariko irimbishijwe gatoyi kuruta.

1. Hari akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga gushika ku murongo, hama tugakora ishusho ya v isanzwe, hama tugaheza n'akarongo gato kagoramye.

Indome w

Aha dufise indome w yacu, kandi kuri w dushobora guhitamo: imirongo ibiri yo hagati irashobora guca umwe hejuru y'uwundi, canke ntibe ukwo.

1. Rero dutangura n'akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga gushika ku murongo, maze tugakora v yacu.
2. Hama tugaterura ikaramu yacu, tugakora v ya kabiri: tumanuka tugororotse, tukaduga, tugakora akarongo gato kagoramye twerekeza hirya. Kandi hagati, imirongo ica gatoyi umwe hejuru y'uwundi.

Canke urashobora kuyandika mu nkoni imwe: akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga gushika ku murongo, v, ukamanuka ugororotse ugana kuri v ya kabiri, hama akarongo gato kagoramye werekeza hirya. Nta mirongo ica umwe hejuru y'uwundi, kandi ntuterura ikaramu yawe.

Indome x

Aha dufise indome x yacu.

1. Tugonda tuduga gatoyi gushika ku murongo, hama tukamanuka duhengamye, hama hasi tukagonda twerekeza hirya. Uburebure bwayo bungana n'ubw'indome a.
2. Hama tugaterura ikaramu yacu, maze hejuru y'impera yo hasi y'inkoni y'iburyo, tugatangura inkoni yacu imanuka, tukagenda dusubira inyuma. Tukazinga tuduga gushika ku murongo, hama tukamanuka, hama tukazinga twerekeza hirya.

Indome y

Indome y ikorwa bivuye ku ishusho ya j.

1. Rero dukora akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga gatoyi cane gushika ku murongo. Tumanuka tugororotse, maze hasi tugakora umurongo ugoramye mwiza. Wibuke, iyi ni ubwato bugenda munsi y'amazi. Tumanuka kure cane.
2. Hama tugaterura ikaramu yacu. Dusubira ku murongo. Dukora akarongo gato kagoramye kaduga, tukamanuka gushika aho indome a imanukira, hama tugakora inkoni nto yihuta yinjira gushika ikora ku ishusho ya j.

Tuba dufise indome y yacu.

Indome z

Kandi ubwa nyuma, dushitse kuri z: "zed" canke "zee", bivanye n'aho uturuka.

1. Rero ico dukora ni iki: dukora inkoni nto yihuta iduga gatoyi, hama tugakora umurongo utambitse, hama tukamanuka duhengamye, tugakora umurongo utambitse hasi, hama tugakora inkoni nto yihuta iduga gatoyi cane.

Iyo ni yo ndome z yacu.

Akarorero ko mu kahise: Umuganwakazi Elizabeth

Umwandiko w'ukuboko w'Umuganwakazi Elizabeth, umukobwa w'Umwami Henry VIII, afise imyaka 15, mu 1548. Nk'uko ubibona, amashusho menshi y'indome twize hano muri iki gitabo ni amwe.